UK security industry glossary: key terms explained

A security measure that regulates who can enter specific areas or access certain resources, typically using keycards, biometrics, or codes.

Electronic systems that manage and monitor entry to buildings or areas, including card readers, keypads, and biometric scanners.

Qualifications provided by ACT (Awards for Training and Higher Education) for various security roles and specialisations.

Specialised training and procedures for responding to armed attackers in public or workplace settings, focusing on evacuation, hiding, and last resort actions.

A higher-level first aid qualification that covers more complex medical emergencies and trauma care beyond basic first aid.

Security systems that use artificial intelligence to automatically detect suspicious behaviour, recognise faces, or analyse patterns in CCTV footage.

Security protocols used at airports to screen passengers, baggage, and cargo for prohibited items and potential threats.

Comprehensive security measures implemented at airports to protect passengers, aircraft, and facilities from various threats including terrorism.

Airside refers to secure areas beyond passenger screening; landside covers public areas before security checkpoints, each requiring different security protocols.

A security professional who responds to activated alarms at various locations, investigating potential breaches or emergencies.

UK legislation governing the sale and consumption of alcohol, including licensing requirements for premises and designated supervisors.

Technology that automatically reads and records vehicle registration plates, commonly used for access control and law enforcement.

A qualification that allows individuals to authorise the sale of alcohol in licensed premises under the Licensing Act 2003.

A security officer who covers multiple locations within a specific area, providing temporary coverage for absent staff or additional support.

A security professional authorised to carry firearms or other weapons, typically working in high-risk environments or protecting valuable assets.

Security measures designed to protect physical and intellectual property, including inventory, equipment, and confidential information.

Detailed written instructions provided to security officers outlining their specific duties, procedures, and responsibilities for a particular site or role.

Technology-driven security systems that automatically respond to threats or breaches without human intervention, part of unmanned guarding solutions.

Official bodies like Highfield, Pearson, or Qualsafe that accredit training providers and award qualifications required for SIA licences.

Security operations focused on non-public areas such as staff zones, delivery areas, and service corridors in hotels or event venues.

Specialised security services for licensed premises, focusing on crowd control, preventing underage drinking, and managing alcohol-related incidents.

Technology that analyses human behaviour patterns in CCTV footage to identify suspicious activities or potential security threats.

The process of identifying suspicious or abnormal behaviour patterns through observation, technology, or trained analysis to prevent security incidents.

A security professional trained to recognise and interpret suspicious behaviour patterns in people, identifying potential threats before incidents occur.

Distributed ledger technology used to secure data, verify identities, and create tamper-proof records in security applications.

A security professional trained and authorised to use body-worn cameras as part of their duties, following specific protocols and legal requirements.

Small recording devices worn by security personnel to document interactions and incidents for evidence and accountability purposes.

British Standard providing recommendations for the management, staffing, and operation of security guarding services.

British Standard for security screening of personnel, outlining background check requirements for security-sensitive positions.

Security services tailored to educational environments, covering student safety, access control, and protection of academic facilities.

SIA licence required for security professionals who transport cash, precious metals, or other high-value items.

A security professional who monitors multiple CCTV cameras from a central location, observing for suspicious activity and coordinating responses.

Specialised training covering the technical aspects of maintaining and troubleshooting closed-circuit television systems.

A security professional responsible for monitoring CCTV systems to detect and respond to security incidents or suspicious behaviour.

SIA licence required to operate CCTV surveillance systems in a professional capacity, covering both public and private monitoring.

Senior executive responsible for an organisation's overall security strategy, including physical security, cybersecurity, and risk management.

Legal power allowing private individuals to detain someone they reasonably suspect of committing an indictable offence until police arrive.

A private security professional, as distinct from law enforcement or military personnel, employed to protect people and property.

A highly trained security professional who provides personal protection services to individuals at risk, requiring an SIA licence.

A surveillance system using video cameras to monitor and record activities in specific areas for security purposes.

Security systems and services that operate through internet-connected servers rather than local hardware, offering remote access and management.

Ethical guidelines and professional standards that security personnel must follow, often mandated by the SIA or employers.

Legal principles developed through court decisions rather than legislation, including rights to self-defence and citizen's arrest relevant to security work.

Skills and techniques used to prevent, de-escalate, and resolve disputes or confrontational situations peacefully and professionally.

Formal training in techniques for managing and resolving disputes, essential for security professionals dealing with confrontational situations.

Specialised security services for building sites, focusing on preventing theft of materials and equipment and ensuring site safety.

Ongoing learning and skill development activities that security professionals undertake to maintain and improve their competence throughout their career.

A security professional who operates from a central control room, monitoring alarms, CCTV systems, and coordinating security responses.

An alternative term for a control room officer, responsible for monitoring security systems and managing incident responses from a central location.

Security services designed specifically for business environments, protecting employees, assets, and confidential information.

Techniques and measures used to detect and prevent surveillance activities by hostile parties or competitors.

Training that helps security professionals recognise and respond to potential terrorist threats and suspicious activities.

A security professional who works in plain clothes to conduct surveillance or security duties without being easily identified.

A retail security officer who works in civilian clothing to detect shoplifting and other criminal activities without being recognised.

Training that prepares security professionals to respond effectively to major incidents, emergencies, or crisis situations.

Protection of essential systems and assets vital to national security, including power plants, transport networks, and communication systems.

Techniques and procedures for safely controlling and directing large groups of people at events, venues, or public spaces.

Procedures and protocols for responding to cybersecurity breaches, data theft, or digital attacks affecting security systems.

Training that helps security professionals recognise and respond to digital threats, phishing attempts, and cybersecurity risks.

Evaluation of digital security risks and vulnerabilities that could affect physical security systems or organisational operations.

Protection of digital systems, networks, and data from cyber attacks, increasingly important as security systems become more connected.

The person legally responsible for the day-to-day running of licensed premises and ensuring compliance with alcohol licensing conditions.

Systems and procedures for collecting, storing, and managing digital evidence from security cameras, body cams, and other electronic devices.

Computer monitors, screens, and related equipment used by security professionals, requiring proper setup and usage to prevent health issues.

Formal evaluation of computer workstations to ensure they meet health and safety standards and prevent repetitive strain injuries.

A licensed security professional who controls entry to licensed premises, manages crowds, and ensures compliance with licensing laws.

SIA licence required to work as a door supervisor at licensed premises such as pubs, clubs, and entertainment venues.

CAA-issued authorisation required for commercial drone operations, including security surveillance and monitoring applications.

Use of unmanned aerial vehicles for security purposes including perimeter monitoring, crowd surveillance, and incident response.

Unmanned aerial vehicles used for surveillance, perimeter monitoring, and security assessments in various environments.

Legal and moral obligation to ensure the safety and wellbeing of others, particularly relevant for security professionals protecting people and property.

A security supervisor responsible for overseeing operations during a specific shift, managing staff, and serving as the primary point of contact.

The ongoing process of evaluating and responding to changing risks and threats in real-time during security operations.

Technology-based security solutions including alarms, access control, and surveillance systems that can operate without constant human supervision.

A basic first aid qualification covering essential life-saving skills required in many security roles.

Planned procedures for safely removing people from buildings or areas during emergencies such as fires, bomb threats, or other dangers.

Security protocols for securing buildings and protecting occupants during threats such as armed intruders or terrorist incidents.

A security professional specifically trained to handle incidents and emergencies at events, working as part of a coordinated response team.

Specialised security services for concerts, festivals, sports events, and other gatherings, focusing on crowd safety and access control.

A security professional responsible for crowd management and safety at events, often requiring specific event security training.

Biometric technology that identifies individuals by analysing facial features, increasingly used in access control and surveillance systems.

A comprehensive first aid qualification that covers a wide range of medical emergencies and is often required for security roles.

A person responsible for fire safety procedures, evacuation coordination, and ensuring compliance with fire safety regulations.

Official certification demonstrating competence in providing first aid treatment for various injuries and medical emergencies.

An advanced first aid training programme that provides comprehensive emergency medical response skills for workplace situations.

A first aid qualification for individuals expected to be the first to respond to medical emergencies, common among security professionals.

A plain-clothed retail security officer who patrols shop floors to deter theft and observe customer behaviour.

SIA licence category for customer-facing security roles including door supervisors and security guards working directly with the public.

A security professional who works directly with the public in customer-facing roles, requiring strong interpersonal skills.

Security services that involve direct interaction with the public, including access control, customer service, and incident management.

A security guard who works in public-facing roles, interacting directly with visitors, customers, and members of the public.

Visible security services in public areas such as reception desks, lobbies, and customer service areas.

A security guard stationed at entry points to control vehicle and pedestrian access, maintaining visitor logs and security protocols.

Adherence to General Data Protection Regulation requirements when collecting, storing, and processing personal data through security systems.

Security services for non-public areas at entertainment venues, protecting performers, equipment, and controlling access to restricted areas.

Specialised training in the proper use of restraints, including legal considerations and safety procedures for security professionals.

The senior member of a door supervision team, responsible for managing staff, liaising with management, and handling serious incidents.

Fundamental UK legislation establishing employer and employee duties for workplace safety, with specific relevance to security operations.

Application of health and safety principles to security work, including risk assessment, safe working practices, and incident prevention.

Specialised security services for healthcare facilities, balancing patient care needs with security requirements and managing challenging situations.

The process by which potential attackers gather information about targets before launching an attack, which security professionals must detect and prevent.

Security solutions that combine traditional physical security with modern technology such as remote monitoring and AI-powered systems.

UK regulatory body responsible for enforcing data protection laws, relevant to security operations involving personal data collection.

Security personnel directly employed by the organisation they protect, as opposed to contracted third-party security services.

Proactive measures and techniques designed to prevent security incidents from occurring rather than simply responding to them.

A documented procedure outlining how to respond to various types of security incidents, emergencies, or breaches.

Comprehensive security solutions that combine multiple technologies such as CCTV, access control, and alarms into a unified unmanned system.

Electronic security systems designed to detect unauthorised entry into buildings or areas and alert security personnel or monitoring centres.

UK legislation governing surveillance powers of law enforcement and intelligence agencies, with implications for private security surveillance activities.

Internet-connected security devices such as smart cameras, sensors, and access control systems that can be monitored and controlled remotely.

A person authorised to hold keys for a premises and respond to alarm activations, often a security company employee or site manager.

A senior security officer responsible for supervising other officers, coordinating activities, and serving as the primary contact for management.

Intermediate training in CCTV operations covering advanced monitoring techniques, system management, and incident response procedures.

Local government body responsible for issuing and regulating licences for premises selling alcohol or providing entertainment.

A security professional specialising in preventing theft and reducing losses in retail environments through surveillance and investigation.

Traditional security services involving physical presence of security personnel at a location, as opposed to remote or electronic monitoring.

Security measures for ports, ships, and coastal facilities, including compliance with international maritime security codes and regulations.

Security screening devices that detect metallic objects, commonly used at airports, events, and high-security facilities.

A security professional who operates portable or vehicle-mounted CCTV systems for temporary surveillance needs.

A security guard who conducts regular patrols of multiple sites using a vehicle, checking for security breaches and responding to incidents.

A security professional who responds to alarm activations and incidents across multiple locations from a patrol vehicle.

A qualification that allows individuals to sell alcohol in licensed premises, required under UK licensing laws (replaced by the Level 2 Award for Personal Licence Holders - APLH since 2011).

Specialised security services for nighttime entertainment venues, focusing on crowd control, preventing violence, and managing intoxicated customers.

Security measures for shops licensed to sell alcohol for consumption off the premises, including theft prevention and age verification.

Practices and procedures designed to protect sensitive information and operations from being compromised by hostile parties.

Specialised first aid training focused on treating children and infants, required in some security roles involving minors.

Technology used to record and verify security patrols, often using electronic tags, GPS tracking, or mobile applications.

A security professional who conducts regular rounds of a site or area to check for security issues, safety hazards, or unusual activity.

Advanced security systems designed to detect unauthorised entry attempts along the boundaries of secured areas.

Security measures designed to protect the outer boundaries of a site, including fencing, barriers, sensors, and surveillance systems.

A structured approach to identifying learning needs and career goals, often required for professional development in security roles.

The use of physical force or restraint techniques by security personnel when other methods of control have failed or are inappropriate.

A senior casino floor supervisor who monitors gaming activities for cheating and ensures the integrity of games while maintaining security.

UK legislation governing police powers and procedures, with specific relevance to citizen's arrest and evidence handling by security personnel.

Use of data analysis and algorithms to identify patterns and predict potential security threats or incidents before they occur.

The process of applying for legal authorisation to sell alcohol or provide entertainment at a specific location.

UK legislation that established the SIA and created the regulatory framework for the private security industry.

A qualified and licensed security professional who maintains high standards of conduct and competence in their security duties.

Monitoring of public areas using CCTV and other surveillance technologies to detect crime and ensure public safety.

SIA licence required for operatives who monitor public spaces through CCTV systems, distinct from private property surveillance.

Two-way radio systems used by security teams to maintain contact, coordinate responses, and report incidents in real-time.

The minimum level of physical force necessary to resolve a situation, as defined by law and essential for security professionals to understand.

UK legislation placing fire safety responsibilities on building owners and managers, relevant to security personnel in emergency situations.

Security surveillance conducted from a distant location using internet-connected cameras and sensors, a key component of unmanned guarding.

Security systems that allow surveillance and control of sites from distant locations using internet-connected cameras and sensors.

Procedures for responding to security incidents detected through unmanned systems, including when to dispatch personnel or contact authorities.

Security measures designed to protect employees and assets when working from home or other locations outside traditional office environments.

Security professionals specialising in protecting residential properties, gated communities, and housing developments.

Security services specifically designed for shops and retail environments, focusing on theft prevention and customer safety.

A security professional specialising in protecting retail premises from theft, managing customer incidents, and ensuring store safety.

The systematic process of identifying, analysing, and evaluating potential security threats and vulnerabilities to determine appropriate protective measures.

Training programme designed to increase understanding of workplace hazards and safe working practices relevant to security operations.

The process of conducting background checks and security clearance procedures before employing individuals in security-sensitive positions.

A security professional responsible for checking people, baggage, or vehicles for prohibited items, typically at airports or high-security facilities.

Systematic evaluation of an organisation's security policies, procedures, and controls to identify vulnerabilities and recommend improvements.

A security professional who combines traditional security duties with customer service functions, often in corporate or residential settings.

An expert who provides advice on security matters, conducts risk assessments, and recommends security solutions for organisations.

A licensed security professional responsible for protecting people, property, and assets through observation, patrol, and access control.

SIA licence required to work as a security guard, covering roles involving protection of property and people.

Official recognition and certification of security companies, training providers, or professionals meeting industry standards.

Comprehensive frameworks for managing all aspects of an organisation's security operations, policies, and procedures.

A professional term for a security guard, emphasising the responsible and skilled nature of modern security work.

Periodic training updates required to maintain security qualifications and stay current with industry best practices and legal requirements.

Detailed analysis of potential threats and vulnerabilities specific to security operations, used to develop appropriate protective measures.

A security professional who operates screening equipment and procedures to detect prohibited items and potential threats.

A supervisory role responsible for managing a team of security officers and ensuring effective coordination of security operations.

Evaluation of specific threats facing an organisation or location, used to develop targeted security measures and response plans.

Additional training modules required to maintain or upgrade certain SIA security qualifications and licences.

Training in personal protection techniques that security professionals may use to protect themselves and others when facing physical threats.

The UK government body responsible for regulating the private security industry and issuing licences to security professionals.

The process by which the SIA reviews an applicant's criminal history as part of the licence application procedure.

Official authorisation required to work in most areas of the private security industry in the UK, issued by the Security Industry Authority.

The process of extending an existing SIA licence before it expires, typically required every three years.

Specific training courses and qualifications required to apply for different types of SIA licences.

An organisation officially recognised by the SIA to deliver training courses that lead to SIA licence-linked qualifications.

A security professional assigned to protect a specific location, building, or facility on a permanent or long-term basis.

The ability to perceive and understand what is happening in the surrounding environment, crucial for effective security work.

Advanced security technology that uses artificial intelligence, machine learning, and automation to enhance traditional security measures.

A security guard assigned to remain at a fixed position or limited area, as opposed to mobile patrol duties.

A security professional who maintains a permanent post at a specific location rather than conducting mobile patrols.

A secured zone that has been searched and cleared of prohibited items, with controlled access to maintain security integrity.

A security professional who works in retail environments to detect and prevent shoplifting, often working in plain clothes.

A security professional trained to identify when they or their principal are under surveillance by hostile parties.

Technology used for monitoring and recording activities, including cameras, recording devices, and tracking systems.

A security professional specialising in covert observation and monitoring of people, places, or activities for security purposes.

Security measures designed to be environmentally responsible and economically viable over the long term.

Advanced risk assessment and mitigation strategies used in high-threat environments or complex security operations.

A retail security role focused on applying and managing electronic article surveillance (EAS) tags to prevent theft.

Training that helps security professionals recognise signs of terrorist activity and respond appropriately to potential threats.

Surveillance technology that detects heat signatures, useful for perimeter security and detecting intruders in low-light conditions.

Strategies and actions taken to reduce the likelihood or impact of identified security threats.

Specialised security for railway lines or motorsport circuits, ensuring public safety and preventing unauthorised access to dangerous areas.

A security professional specialising in protecting transportation systems, including airports, railways, and public transport networks.

A security professional who does not carry weapons, relying on observation, communication, and de-escalation techniques.

Security services that rely on technology, remote monitoring, and automated systems rather than physical presence of security personnel on-site.

Integrated technology solutions including CCTV, alarms, and sensors that provide security coverage without requiring on-site personnel.

Core security skills involving maintaining alertness and carefully monitoring surroundings to detect potential threats or incidents.

A highly trained close protection officer who provides security services to high-profile individuals, celebrities, or executives.

Online training programmes that allow security professionals to complete required qualifications remotely via internet-based learning platforms.

A remote security operator who monitors multiple sites through CCTV and electronic systems, providing security oversight without physical presence.

Advanced training methods using VR technology to simulate realistic security scenarios for practice and skill development.

Remote monitoring service that simulates physical patrols through systematic checking of CCTV cameras and electronic systems.

Specialised security services for logistics facilities, focusing on cargo protection, access control, and supply chain security.

Comprehensive review of security measures in workplace environments to identify vulnerabilities and recommend improvements.